📘 Formula Sheet

This page summarises helpful formulas for solving problems in measurement, geometry, and algebra at Level 5.

📏 Measurement

• Perimeter of a rectangle:
  $P=2\times (\text{length}+\text{width})$
• Area of a rectangle:
  $A=\text{length}\times \text{width}$
• Area of a triangle:
  $A=\frac{1}{2}\times \text{base}\times \text{height}$
• Volume of a rectangular prism:
  $V=\text{length}\times \text{width}\times \text{height}$

📐 Geometry

• Angles on a straight line add to ${180}^{\circ }$
• Angles around a point add to ${360}^{\circ }$
• Angles in a triangle add to ${180}^{\circ }$
• Angles in a quadrilateral add to ${360}^{\circ }$

🔄 Transformations

• Enlargement: Multiply each side by the scale factor
• Scale factor of enlargement:
  $\text{new length}=\text{original length}\times \text{scale factor}$

🧮 Number & Algebra

• Fraction to decimal: Divide numerator by denominator
• Percentage of amount:
  $\frac{\text{percent}}{100}\times \text{amount}$
• Solving simple equations:
  Use inverse operations to isolate the unknown
• Using formulae: Substitute numbers into letters (e.g. $A=lw$)

🧭 Metric Conversions

• $1\text{ km}=1000\text{ m}$
• $1\text{ m}=100\text{ cm}$
• $1\text{ cm}=10\text{ mm}$
• $1\text{ kg}=1000\text{ g}$
• $1\text{ L}=1000\text{ mL}$